History of coffee on Indonesia

The history of coffee can be traced tracks from around the 9th century, in the highlands of Ethiopia. From there and then spread to Egypt and Yemen, and then the fifteenth century to reach a wider Persia, Egypt, Turkey and North Africa.

At first the coffee not well received by some people. In the year 1511, due to the stimulus effect generated, prohibited its use by priests in othodoks conservative and religious assemblies in Mecca.  However, the popularity of this drink, then the ban was overturned in 1524 on the orders of Sultan Selim I of the Ottoman Turks. .In Cairo, Egypt, a similar ban was also passed in 1532, where coffee shops and coffee warehouse is closed.

 From the Muslim world, coffee spread to Europe, where it became popular during the 17th century.. The Dutch were the first to import coffee on a large scale to Europe, and at one time the seeds smuggled in 1690, because the plants or seeds are not allowed out of raw Arab region. Ini kemudian berlanjut pada penanaman kopi di Jawa oleh orang Belanda. It then continued on coffee growing in Java by the Dutch.

When coffee reached the American colonies region, initially not as successful in Europe, because they are less able to replace the alcohol However, during the Revolutionary War, the demand for coffee increases high enough, until the dealers have to open a backup supply and raise prices dramatically; partly because it is based on the declining tea pesediaan by British traders. America's interest to grow coffee in the early 19th century, following the war in 1812, which cut off access to tea imports while, and also because of increased beverage manufacturing technology, then the position of coffee as an everyday commodity in America strengthened.

 There are two species of coffee plants; Arabica coffee is traditional, and is considered the most delicious taste, Robusta has a higher caffeine be developed in an environment where Arabic is not going to grow, and make a cheap substitute for Arabica. Robusta Robusta usually do not enjoy yourself, because it tastes bitter and sour.  High quality Robusta is typically used in some espresso mixture.

Arabica coffee is usually called by the dock where they are exported, the two oldest are Mocha and Java.  Modern coffee trade is more specific about where it came from them, coffee labels on the basis of the state, territory, and sometimes the maker field.

 One type of coffee is not unusual and most expensive is the kind of robusta in Indonesia called Luwak coffee. . Coffee is collected from dirt mongoose, which provides pencernaanya process unique taste.

Indonesia's current coffee judging from the results, placing fourth largest in the world. Coffee has a long history and has an important role for economic growth in Indonesia.  Indonesia is blessed with a geography that is suitable for coffee plants. Location of Indonesia is ideal for micro-climate for the growth and production of coffee.


. At the beginning of coffee in Indonesia under the Dutch government. Coffee was introduced in Indonesia through Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Pada awalnya pemerintah Belanda menanam kopi di daerah sekitar Batavia (Jakarta), Sukabumi dan Bogor. Dutch government initially growing coffee in the area around Batavia (Jakarta), Sukabumi and Bogor. Coffee is also grown in East Java, Central Java, West Java, Sumatra and Sulawesi. P At the beginning of the 20th century coffee plantations in Indonesia to pests, which almost destroyed the entire crop of coffee. Pada saat itu kopi juga ditanam di Timor dan Flores. At that time the coffee is also grown in Timor and Flores.  Both these islands at that time under the Portuguese rule. Types of coffee grown there is also a Arabica coffee. . Coffee is not attacked by pests.
The Dutch government then plant coffee Liberika to overcome these pests. These varieties are not popular for so long and pests as well. Liberika coffee can still be found on the island of Java, though rarely planted as a commercial production.. Liberika coffee beans a little bigger than Arabica beans and Robusta coffee. in fact, the coffee plantations are not attacked by pests, but there was a revolution plantations where workers cut down all the coffee plantations of coffee plantations in Java in particular and in Indonesia in general.

 Robusta coffee Liberika replace.. Although coffee is not unique to Indonesia, this coffee became an important export commodities in Indonesia.

. Natural disasters, World War II and the struggle for independence - they all have an important role for coffee in Indonesia.  In the early 20th century coffee plantations under the control of Dutch rule..  Before World War II in Central Java, there are railroad tracks used to transport coffee, sugar, pepper, tea and tobacco to Semarang to then be transported by ship.Coffee is grown in Central Java, mostly Arabica coffee.  Arabica coffee is produced in many gardens - gardens like (Kayumas, Blawan, Kalisat / Jampit) in Bondowoso, East Java.  While Robusta coffee in East Java, many are produced from the garden - garden as Ngrangkah Pawon (Kediri), Bangelan (Malang), Malangsari, Kaliselogiri (Banyuwangi). . In mountain areas of Banyuwangi, Jember until there is a lot of plantations Arabica and Robusta coffee. Robusta coffee grows in low areas, while Arabica coffee grown in high areas.

After independence many coffee plantations are taken over by the new government or abandoned.  Currently approximately 92% of coffee production under small farmers or cooperatives.